Yakushima Island
Ancient Forest Paradise and UNESCO World Heritage Site
Yakushima was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993 for its unique ecosystem and ancient cedar forests. The island has been inhabited since prehistoric times and has maintained its pristine natural environment throughout the centuries.
The island is home to Jomon Sugi, believed to be between 2,000 and 7,200 years old, making it one of the oldest trees in the world. The mystical forests of Yakushima inspired Hayao Miyazaki's animated masterpiece 'Princess Mononoke'.
With over 140 plant species endemic to the island and some of the highest annual rainfall in Japan, Yakushima represents a living museum of biodiversity. The island's vertical range creates multiple climate zones, from subtropical coasts to alpine summits.
Key Highlights
- UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993
- Home to Jomon Sugi, over 7,000 years old
- Inspired Studio Ghibli's Princess Mononoke
- Contains 1,000+ year-old yakusugi cedars
- Over 4,000mm annual rainfall creates moss-covered forests
- Vertical ecosystem from sea level to 1,936m summit
Access Information
Location
Yakushima, Kumage District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan
Nearest Stations
- • Yakushima Airport
- • Miyanoura Port (Ferry Terminal)
- • Anbo Port (Ferry Terminal)
Opening Hours
Island accessible 24 hours (individual trails and facilities have specific hours)
Admission Fee
Free admission to island; trail permits ¥500-1,000
How to Get There
From Kagoshima Airport
Direct flight to Yakushima Airport
35 minutes
From Kagoshima Port
Ferry or high-speed boat
2-4 hours
From Osaka (Itami Airport)
Seasonal direct flight
1 hour 20 minutes
Tips & Visiting Guide
Make the most of your visit with these helpful tips and guidelines.
Jomon Sugi Hike Requires Full Day
The round-trip hike to Jomon Sugi takes 8-10 hours and covers 22km. Start before dawn (around 4-5 AM) and bring plenty of water, snacks, and proper hiking gear. Consider staying at a mountain hut overnight.
Best Season: April-May & September-October
Visit during spring or autumn for the best weather and trail conditions. Summer brings heavy rain and humidity, while winter can have snow on higher trails. Book accommodations well in advance during peak seasons.
Prepare for Extreme Rainfall
Yakushima receives over 4 meters of rain annually. Always bring waterproof clothing, rain covers for backpacks, and quick-dry gear. The saying goes 'it rains 35 days a month on Yakushima.'
Rent a Car for Island Exploration
Public transportation is limited, so renting a car is highly recommended to reach trailheads and explore the island. Book your rental in advance, especially during peak seasons.
Alternative Shorter Trails Available
If the Jomon Sugi hike is too demanding, try the Shiratani Unsuikyo trail (3-5 hours) which offers beautiful moss forests and was a direct inspiration for Princess Mononoke.
Wildlife Watching Opportunities
Watch for Yakushima macaques and sika deer throughout the island. These animals are endemic subspecies. Maintain a respectful distance and never feed wildlife.
Natural Hot Springs After Hiking
Several free outdoor hot springs (rotenburo) are located around the island, perfect for relaxing after a long hike. Yudomari Onsen and Hirauchi Kaichu Onsen (tide-dependent) are popular choices.
FAQ
How long should I stay on Yakushima Island?
Most visitors stay 2-3 days to fully experience the island. This allows time for the Jomon Sugi hike, exploring Shiratani Unsuikyo, visiting hot springs, and driving around the island. If you're only doing shorter trails, 1-2 days may suffice. Nature enthusiasts often spend 4-5 days.
How difficult is the Jomon Sugi hike?
The hike is moderately challenging. The 22km round-trip takes 8-10 hours with steady uphill sections. The first 8km follows flat rail tracks, then steep mountain trails begin. Good fitness is needed but technical climbing skills aren't required. Start early (4-5 AM) and bring plenty of water and snacks.
Do I need a guide for hiking on Yakushima?
Guides aren't required for major trails like Jomon Sugi and Shiratani Unsuikyo, which are well-marked. However, hiring a guide is recommended for safety, especially if you're unfamiliar with mountain hiking or don't speak Japanese. Guides provide insights about flora, fauna, and help navigate in poor weather conditions.
What should I pack for hiking on Yakushima?
Essential items include waterproof jacket and pants, rain cover for backpack, hiking boots with good grip, headlamp (for early starts), 2-3 liters of water, energy snacks, warm layers, gloves, and a portable toilet kit. Quick-dry clothing is crucial given the high rainfall. Don't forget garbage bags to pack out all trash.
Can I do the Jomon Sugi hike without staying at a mountain hut?
Yes, most hikers complete it as a day hike starting before dawn (4-5 AM) and returning by late afternoon. However, staying at Takatsuka Lodge or another mountain hut allows you to split the hike over two days, reducing difficulty and enabling sunrise viewing near Jomon Sugi. Hut reservations are essential during peak seasons.
Is Yakushima suitable for non-hikers?
Absolutely! You can enjoy Yakushima's coastal drive, visit easily accessible spots like Oko-no-taki waterfall (viewable from the road), soak in oceanside hot springs, explore beaches, watch wildlife, and visit the Yakusugi Museum. The island offers beautiful scenery even without strenuous hiking. Shorter 1-2 hour nature walks are also available.
What wildlife can I see on Yakushima?
You'll likely encounter Yakushima macaques (monkeys) and Yakushima deer, both endemic subspecies smaller than their mainland cousins. These animals are common on trails and roadways. Birdwatchers can spot Japanese wood pigeons and narcissus flycatchers. Always maintain distance from wildlife and never feed them.
When is the rainy season and should I avoid it?
Yakushima's rainy season is June-July, but the island receives heavy rainfall year-round (4,000mm+ annually). You can't truly avoid rain here. That said, April-May and September-October offer relatively drier weather. Summer brings intense humidity and rain, while winter has snow at higher elevations. Always prepare for rain regardless of season.
Are there luggage storage facilities on the island?
Yes, coin lockers are available at Miyanoura Port and Yakushima Airport. Some hotels and guesthouses offer luggage storage for guests. If doing the Jomon Sugi hike, leave large bags at your accommodation and only carry hiking essentials. Rental car agencies may also store luggage temporarily while you hike.
How should I get around Yakushima Island?
Renting a car is highly recommended as the island is 130km in circumference with limited bus service. The coastal road takes 2-3 hours to circle, and trailheads are spread out. Book rental cars in advance, especially during peak seasons (April-May, September-October). Some guesthouses offer pickup from ports/airport if you don't plan to drive.
Do I need a permit for hiking trails?
Yes, trail permits cost ¥500-1,000 depending on the route. For Jomon Sugi, you can purchase cooperation fees at trailheads or in advance at tourist information centers. These fees support trail maintenance and environmental preservation. During peak seasons, some trails may require advance reservation to control visitor numbers.
Where can I experience the oceanside hot springs?
Hirauchi Kaichu Onsen is the most famous tide-dependent hot spring, accessible only at low tide (check tide tables). Yudomari Onsen offers both indoor and outdoor baths near the ocean. Both are free or charge minimal fees (around ¥100-300). Visit during sunset for spectacular views. Bring a towel and swim attire for mixed-gender baths.
Is English widely spoken on Yakushima?
English is limited on Yakushima. Major hotels and tour operators may have English-speaking staff, but most locals, guesthouses, and restaurants use primarily Japanese. Translation apps are very helpful. Trail signs are mostly in Japanese. Consider booking English-speaking guides if you're concerned about language barriers.
What accommodation options are available?
Options range from budget guesthouses (minshuku) at ¥4,000-6,000 per night to mid-range hotels and resort lodges at ¥8,000-15,000. Mountain huts near Jomon Sugi cost around ¥6,000-8,000 with meals. Book well in advance during peak seasons (April-May, September-October) as accommodation fills quickly. Most are concentrated in Miyanoura and Anbo towns.
Can I visit Yakushima as a day trip?
Not recommended. The ferry from Kagoshima takes 2-4 hours each way, and flights are only 35 minutes but limited in frequency. You'd have minimal time to experience the island's highlights. Yakushima deserves at least 2 days to make the journey worthwhile. Day trips would only allow time for a brief drive around the coast.
Are there ATMs and where can I get cash?
ATMs are limited on Yakushima. Post offices in Miyanoura and Anbo have ATMs that accept international cards. 7-Eleven stores also have international-friendly ATMs. Bring sufficient cash as many guesthouses, restaurants, and small shops don't accept credit cards. The island is quite rural with limited banking infrastructure.
What's the temperature like on the mountains?
Temperatures drop significantly with elevation. Even in summer, it can be 10-15°C cooler at higher elevations compared to sea level. Winter brings snow above 1,000m. Always bring warm layers, even for summer hikes. Early morning starts mean hiking in near-freezing temperatures before sunrise, then warming up significantly by midday.
Is cell phone coverage reliable on trails?
Cell coverage is unreliable on mountain trails. You may have signal at trailheads and some peaks, but expect no coverage for most of your hike. Download offline maps before hiking and inform your accommodation of your hiking plans. Emergency phones are located at some mountain huts. Never rely solely on your phone for navigation.
Can I see the Princess Mononoke forest?
Shiratani Unsuikyo trail (3-5 hours round-trip) offers the moss-covered forest landscapes that inspired Princess Mononoke. This easier alternative to Jomon Sugi showcases the same mystical atmosphere with shorter hiking time. The entire island's ancient cedar forests influenced the film, but Shiratani Unsuikyo is most directly connected to Miyazaki's vision.
What food should I try on Yakushima?
Try flying fish (tobiuo), the island's specialty, served grilled or as sashimi. Local Yakushima saba (mackerel) is excellent. Sample wild venison and boar from the island's deer and pigs. Ponkan citrus fruit is grown locally. Restaurants are limited, so some guesthouses offer meals (highly recommended to book in advance). Bring snacks from mainland if you're particular about food.
Nearby Attractions
Explore more wonderful destinations in the same prefecture.
Chiran Samurai Residence District
Beautifully preserved samurai district featuring seven traditional gardens and residences, offering glimpses into feudal-era warrior life in southern Kyushu.
Izumi Crane Observation Center
Japan's premier crane wintering site where over 10,000 migratory cranes gather annually in the Izumi Plain, offering spectacular wildlife viewing from November to March.
Kirishima Jingu Shrine
An ancient Shinto shrine nestled in the sacred Kirishima mountains, dedicated to the mythological founder of Japan and renowned for its vermillion architecture set against lush forests.
Kirishima Onsen
A collection of hot spring resorts scattered across volcanic mountains, offering diverse spring types, spectacular mountain views, and outdoor baths in nature.
Sakurajima Volcano
One of Japan's most active volcanoes, dramatically situated in Kagoshima Bay. The iconic peak regularly emits ash and steam, creating spectacular views and offering visitors a rare chance to observe volcanic activity up close.
Sengan-en Garden
Historic daimyo garden with stunning views of Sakurajima volcano, showcasing over 350 years of Japanese landscape design and Satsuma domain heritage.